The role of immunophenotyping in the diagnosis and prognosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL)

Written by Horváth Adrienne, Baghiu Maria Despina, Köpeczi Beáta Judit, Koncsag Előd, Darkó Zsuzsanna

The diagnosis of ALL is based upon the morphological, cytochemical, immunological and molecular analysis of lymphoblasts. We performed immunophenotyping in 29 out of 42 ALL patients aged 0 to 18 years during 2001-2007 and made some correlations with prognostic factors. Precursor-B ALL was found in 22, T-cell in 5 and mature B cell-ALL in 2 patients. Leucocytosis > 20.000/mm3 appeared in 54,5% of precursor-B and in 100% of T cell ALL. Early cortisone response was good in 81% of precursor-B and 20% of T cell ALL. Bone marrow at 33 day was of M1 in 23 and M2 type in 3 cases. 55% of precursor-B ALL and 100% of T-cell ALL were of high risc. Overall survival presented significant variations related to immunopohenotype. Immunophenotyping is essential in the establishment of a complete diagnosis and assessment of correct prognosis in childhood ALL.

 

Keywords: immunophenotype, survival, acute lymphoblastic leukemias


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