We studied the spreading of three chronical diseases: the syphilis, the tuberculosis and the pellagra in various counties of Romania in 1936, trying to explain this through the number of the existing social assistance and protection establishments, as well as of the pharmacies and drugstores. The syphilis and the tuberculosis was found mainly, except some cases, where the number of those establishments and pharmacies was reduced. The number of pellagra cases was high where the population’s food supply was based only on maize fluor: Moldavia, Oltenia, Wallachia. These chronical diseases were less spread in Transylvania.